Introduction to Basic & Advanced X-rays

This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to someone internally or externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the content stays as intended. SIEMENS Healthineers Basics and Advanced X-rays Our template contains layout guidelines. Their purpose is to indicate key margins and mandatory areas on slides. Copy and paste Copy only full slides when they use the same new design. Otherwise the file size will be very large. Workshop on Use the function Insert > Insert Content > Imaging for the Unformatted Text to paste a copied text. The text will now use the same existing format. Future Each presentation needs to be categorized, with the author being responsible for choosing the right category: Unrestricted – Restricted – RJ Vasu | HC APC IN SV Confidential – Strictly confidential March 2018 – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 in the “Header and footer” BME Education_Basic & Advanced X-rays for all pages. new category ©” “Restricted ©” and “the Start > Replace > insert This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to someone internally or externally, please convert it To ensure a clean and • into a pdf to ensure that the content stays as intended. Introduction SIEMENS swift workflow with bullet Healthineers points, please use the PRE-SET PLACEHOLDERS or FORMATTED TEXTBOXES – do not use “normal” Our template contains textboxes that have been layout guidelines. added via the steps  add  textbox. Their purpose is to indicate These textboxes cannot key margins and mandatory be formatted with the areas on slides. ADMINISTRATION automatic formatting step LABORATORY AUTOMATIC • ACCOUNTS INDENTATIONS IN Copy and paste RECORDS/OPD PEDIATRIC WARD Copy only full slides when Siemens Healthineers the pioneer in healthcare industry. THEATER PLACEHOLDERS are only they use the same new to be done using the tool EMERGENCY WARD MALE WARD decrease or increase design. Otherwise the file the list level size will be very large. We are happy to present you the overview of Siemens products PHARMACY FEMALE WARD Use the function INJECTION (or Shift + Alt +  / ) Insert > Insert Content > and its solutions to healthcare industry. DRESSING FEVER'S UNIT Formatted textboxes/ • Unformatted Text X-RAY LAUNDRY placeholders are available to paste a copied text. in the template – just The text will now use the PATIENT TOILET MEDICAL STORES make a copy OR: generate same existing format. a new placeholder by MAINTENANCE following these steps  Start  new slide Each presentation needs to CONVENT  choose layout be categorized, with the "Content Slide" author being responsible for N.T.C. Placeholders can be • choosing the right category: filled and then copied. Unrestricted The copied placeholder – Restricted will keep its formatting – Confidential – Strictly confidential – The preset default category HOOD05162002873707 BME Education_Basic & Advanced X-rays Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 in the “Header and footer” for all pages. Start > Replace > insert “Restricted ©” and “the new category ©” Add a Footnote/Source/ Disclaimer directly into the footer. This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to someone internally or externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the content stays as intended. SIEMENS Hospital Departments - Imaging systems Healthineers Our template contains layout guidelines. • Angiography, Interventional & Surgery Systems –C-arm Their purpose is to indicate key margins and mandatory • Computed Tomography Systems areas on slides. • Magnetic Resonance System • Copy and paste Ultrasound systems Copy only full slides when X-Ray Systems Cardiology Neurology Ophthalmology Orthopedics • they use the same new design. Otherwise the file • PACS/Syngo workstation size will be very large. Use the function • Particle Therapy Systems Insert > Insert Content > Unformatted Text • Radiation Oncology Systems Diagnostic imaging Gastroenterology Gynecology Hematology to paste a copied text. • The text will now use the Molecular Imaging Systems –Cyclotron /PET/SPECT same existing format. • Laboratory Diagnostics Each presentation needs to • Automation/Clinical Urology Oncology Radiotherapy be categorized, with the author being responsible for Chemistry choosing the right category: • Diagnostic IT/Hematology Unrestricted – Restricted • Homeostasis/Immunoassay – Confidential – Strictly confidential • Integrated chemistry – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 in the “Header and footer” for all pages. new category ©” “Restricted ©” and “the Start > Replace > insert This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to someone internally or externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the SIEMENS content stays as intended. Content Healthineers Our template contains layout guidelines. Their purpose is to indicate • Angiography Systems and X-Ray Products key margins and mandatory areas on slides. • How are X-Rays produced? Copy and paste • Historical Overview Copy only full slides when they use the same new • Imaging Procedures in Medicine design. Otherwise the file size will be very large. • System Structure Use the function Insert > Insert Content > • Image Generation Unformatted Text to paste a copied text. • Image Intensifier The text will now use the same existing format. • Flat Panel Detector Each presentation needs to • Angiograph be categorized, with the author being responsible for choosing the right category: • Image quality Unrestricted – Restricted • Radiation Safety – Confidential – Strictly confidential – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 in the “Header and footer” “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 for all pages. “Restricted ©” and “the Start > Replace > insert new category ©” This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to someone internally or externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the SIEMENS content stays as intended. Healthineers Our template contains layout guidelines. Their purpose is to indicate key margins and mandatory areas on slides. Copy and paste Copy only full slides when they use the same new design. Otherwise the file X-Ray Products (XP) and size will be very large. Use the function Angiography Systems (AXA) Insert > Insert Content > Unformatted Text to paste a copied text. The text will now use the same existing format. Each presentation needs to be categorized, with the author being responsible for choosing the right category: Unrestricted – Restricted – Confidential – Strictly confidential – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 in the “Header and footer” “restricted”. Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 Effective date: 08/03/2018 for all pages. Start > Replace > insert “Restricted ©” and “the new category ©” This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to someone internally or externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the SIEMENS content stays as intended. X-Ray Products and Angiography Systems Healthineers Our template contains layout guidelines. Their purpose is to indicate key margins and mandatory Classifications: areas on slides. • Radiography Systems Copy and paste Copy only full slides when • Fluoroscopy Systems they use the same new design. Otherwise the file • Mammography Systems size will be very large. Use the function • Surgery Systems Insert > Insert Content > Unformatted Text • Angiography Systems to paste a copied text. The text will now use the same existing format. Each presentation needs to be categorized, with the author being responsible for choosing the right category: Unrestricted – Restricted – Confidential – Strictly confidential – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 in the “Header and footer” “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 for all pages. new category ©” “Restricted ©” and “the Start > Replace > insert This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to someone internally or externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the Radiography Systems SIEMENS content stays as intended. Healthineers Our template contains layout guidelines. Their purpose is to indicate key margins and mandatory Digital Radiography system Fully Motorised Digital X-Ray System areas on slides. Copy and paste SIEMENS Copy only full slides when they use the same new design. Otherwise the file size will be very large. Use the function Insert > Insert Content > Unformatted Text to paste a copied text. The text will now use the same existing format. Muita Fation Each presentation needs to be categorized, with the author being responsible for choosing the right category: Unrestricted – Restricted – Confidential – Strictly confidential – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 in the “Header and footer” “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 for all pages. new category ©” “Restricted ©” and “the Start > Replace > insert someone internally or This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the content stays as intended. Fluoroscopy Systems SIEMENS Healthineers Our template contains layout guidelines. Their purpose is to indicate key margins and mandatory Digital Fluoroscopy System Digital Fluoroscopy System areas on slides. Copy and paste Copy only full slides when they use the same new design. Otherwise the file size will be very large. H ... Use the function Insert > Insert Content > Unformatted Text ....... to paste a copied text. ..... : The text will now use the same existing format. ........ ... SIEMENS @ Luminos Select Each presentation needs to be categorized, with the author being responsible for choosing the right category: Unrestricted – Restricted – Confidential – Strictly confidential – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 in the “Header and footer” “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 for all pages. “Restricted ©” and “the Start > Replace > insert new category ©” This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to someone internally or externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the Mammography Systems SIEMENS content stays as intended. Healthineers Our template contains layout guidelines. Their purpose is to indicate Digital Mammography System Digital Mammography System key margins and mandatory areas on slides. Copy and paste Copy only full slides when they use the same new design. Otherwise the file size will be very large. Use the function O Insert > Insert Content > Unformatted Text to paste a copied text. The text will now use the MAMMOMAT Inspiration same existing format. Each presentation needs to be categorized, with the author being responsible for choosing the right category: Unrestricted – Restricted – Confidential – Strictly confidential – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 in the “Header and footer” BME Education_Basic & Advanced X-rays for all pages. new category ©” “Restricted ©” and “the Start > Replace > insert someone internally or This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the content stays as intended. Surgery Systems SIEMENS Healthineers Our template contains layout guidelines. Their purpose is to indicate key margins and mandatory areas on slides. C-Arm System C-Arm System Copy and paste Copy only full slides when they use the same new design. Otherwise the file size will be very large. Use the function 3D Insert > Insert Content > Unformatted Text to paste a copied text. The text will now use the ARCADIS same existing format. ESTEMENS Cios ARCADIS Orbic Each presentation needs to be categorized, with the author being responsible for choosing the right category: Unrestricted – Restricted – Confidential – Strictly confidential – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 in the “Header and footer” “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 BME Education_Basic & Advanced X-rays for all pages. “Restricted ©” and “the new category ©” Start > Replace > insert This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to someone internally or externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the Angiography Systems SIEMENS content stays as intended. Healthineers Our template contains layout guidelines. Their purpose is to indicate key margins and mandatory areas on slides. ....... --= Copy and paste Copy only full slides when they use the same new design. Otherwise the file size will be very large. Use the function Insert > Insert Content > Unformatted Text to paste a copied text. SIEMENS The text will now use the same existing format. Artis Each presentation needs to be categorized, with the author being responsible for choosing the right category: Unrestricted – Restricted – Confidential – Strictly confidential – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 in the “Header and footer” “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 for all pages. new category ©” “Restricted ©” and “the Start > Replace > insert This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to someone internally or externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the SIEMENS content stays as intended. What are X-Rays? Healthineers Our template contains layout guidelines. • Their purpose is to indicate X-Rays are Electromagnetic waves. key margins and mandatory • Discovered by Roentgen in 1895. areas on slides. • They are similar to light and sound. But the frequency and wavelength are different. • X-Rays normally cannot be detected by the human senses. Copy and paste Copy only full slides when • X-Rays play important role in medical diagnosis and therapeutic purposes. they use the same new design. Otherwise the file size will be very large. Use the function Insert > Insert Content > Unformatted Text to paste a copied text. The text will now use the same existing format. Each presentation needs to be categorized, with the author being responsible for choosing the right category: Unrestricted – Restricted – Confidential – Strictly confidential – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 in the “Header and footer” “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 BME Education_Basic & Advanced X-rays for all pages. “Restricted ©” and “the Start > Replace > insert new category ©” This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to someone internally or externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the What are X-Rays? SIEMENS content stays as intended. Healthineers Our template contains layout guidelines. Their purpose is to indicate • On the chart of the electromagnetic spectrum, X-rays are located in between ultraviolet light and gamma key margins and mandatory areas on slides. radiation. • Their wavelength is in the range between 10 to the -8th to 10 to the -12th meter so that X-rays are not Copy and paste visible to the human eye. Their energy is expressed in electron volt (eV). Copy only full slides when • X-rays with long wavelengths are called soft X-rays, X-rays with short wavelengths are called hard X-rays. they use the same new design. Otherwise the file size will be very large. Use the function Insert > Insert Content > Unformatted Text to paste a copied text. The text will now use the same existing format. Each presentation needs to be categorized, with the author being responsible for choosing the right category: Unrestricted – Restricted – Confidential – Strictly confidential – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 in the “Header and footer” “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 for all pages. “Restricted ©” and “the new category ©” Start > Replace > insert This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to someone internally or externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the The Electromagnetic Spectrum SIEMENS content stays as intended. Healthineers Our template contains layout guidelines. The Electromagnetic Spectrum Their purpose is to indicate key margins and mandatory areas on slides. 10 10 101 102 103 104 10:5 10 10 10 10" 100 1011.12 2- Visible Light Wavelengths_1d 1 Copy and paste (in meter) Copy only full slides when longer shorter they use the same new design. Otherwise the file size will be very large. Name Radiowaves Infra red light "Hard" radiation Use the function of the wave Insert > Insert Content > Unformatted Text to paste a copied text. Microwaves "Soft" radiation Gamma radiation The text will now use the same existing format. Frequency Each presentation needs to be categorized, with the (Waves per author being responsible for second) 10' 10" 10" 10 10' 10' 10' 10' 10' 10 16 18 10 101 19 20 10 choosing the right category: Energy in eV 10 10" 10" 10" 10" 10" 10" 10" 10" 1 10ª 102 10 Unrestricted 10" 10 5 10' – Restricted – Confidential – Strictly confidential – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 in the “Header and footer” BME Education_Basic & Advanced X-rays for all pages. new category ©” Start > Replace > insert “Restricted ©” and “the This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to someone internally or externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the How are X-Rays produced? SIEMENS content stays as intended. Healthineers Our template contains layout guidelines. • X-rays are generated by deceleration of highly accelerated electrons at an anode. Their purpose is to indicate • This happens in an X-ray tube in which a high voltage of 40 to 150 kV is applied between a hot cathode (heated key margins and mandatory areas on slides. filament) and an anode. • In this process, electrons are released from the cathode(Filament), are accelerated and collide with the Copy and paste anode(target). Copy only full slides when they use the same new design. Otherwise the file size will be very large. Use the function Insert > Insert Content > Unformatted Text to paste a copied text. The text will now use the same existing format. Cathode 40- 150KV ........... Cathode ............ ........... Each presentation needs to Anode Anode be categorized, with the author being responsible for choosing the right category: Unrestricted – Restricted – Confidential – Strictly confidential – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 in the “Header and footer” for all pages. Start > Replace > insert new category ©” “Restricted ©” and “the This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to someone internally or externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the How are X-Rays produced? SIEMENS content stays as intended. Healthineers Our template contains layout guidelines. • X-Ray tube is similar to that of CRT except it employs rotating Their purpose is to indicate anode. key margins and mandatory • The speed of rotating anode varies from 3,600 to 10,000 rpm. areas on slides. • Electrons are emitted from cathode and focused on rotating anode and X-Ray is produced. Copy and paste Cathode Copy only full slides when • Only one percent of energy is converted into X-Ray and 99% energy they use the same new design. Otherwise the file is converted in Heat energy Anode size will be very large. Use the function Example: V = 125kv ,I = 800 Ma Insert > Insert Content > Unformatted Text to paste a copied text. Power = V*I = 125000V*0.8 A = 100000W = 100kW The text will now use the same existing format. 100 Kw  1% = 1 kw GTm 99% = 99kw Each presentation needs to be categorized, with the author being responsible for choosing the right category: Unrestricted – Restricted – Confidential – Strictly confidential – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 in the “Header and footer” BME Education_Basic & Advanced X-rays for all pages. new category ©” Start > Replace > insert “Restricted ©” and “the This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to someone internally or externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the How are X-Rays produced? SIEMENS content stays as intended. How are X-Rays produced? Healthineers Our template contains layout guidelines. Their purpose is to indicate key margins and mandatory There are two ways that the electrons interact with the anode material: areas on slides. Bremsstrahlung radiation(German word Bremsstrahlung means Braking(as in deceleration) Radiation. - Copy and paste Characteristic X-ray emission. - Copy only full slides when they use the same new design. Otherwise the file size will be very large. Use the function Insert > Insert Content > Unformatted Text to paste a copied text. The text will now use the same existing format. Each presentation needs to be categorized, with the author being responsible for choosing the right category: Unrestricted – Restricted – Confidential – Strictly confidential – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 in the “Header and footer” “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 BME Education_Basic & Advanced X-rays for all pages. “Restricted ©” and “the Start > Replace > insert new category ©” This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to someone internally or externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the SIEMENS content stays as intended. How are X-Rays produced? Healthineers Our template contains layout guidelines. Bremsstrahlung Radiation Heat : Their purpose is to indicate When interaction with electrons of the outer shells, only heat is created. key margins and mandatory areas on slides. The projectile electron only gives off a little of its kinetic energy. Copy and paste Copy only full slides when Bremsstrahlung Radiation they use the same new design. Otherwise the file A fraction of the colliding electrons is deflected by the size will be very large. electric field of the atomic nucleus and decelerated. During X-ray Use the function this process, they release a fraction of their energy, in rare Insert > Insert Content > cases also their entire energy, in the form of a single Unformatted Text to paste a copied text. photon (quantum). The text will now use the same existing format. Nucleus Each presentation needs to be categorized, with the author being responsible for choosing the right category: Unrestricted – Restricted Slower electron – Confidential – Strictly confidential – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 in the “Header and footer” BME Education_Basic & Advanced X-rays for all pages. Start > Replace > insert “Restricted ©” and “the new category ©” This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to someone internally or externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the How are X-Rays produced? SIEMENS content stays as intended. Healthineers Our template contains layout guidelines. Bremsstrahlung Radiation Low Energy Radiation Their purpose is to indicate Inside the anode, the projectile electrons interact with the atoms, giving off some of their kinetic energy . key margins and mandatory areas on slides. When passing the nucleus in some distance, the electron is slowed down and its direction is changed giving off a low energy x-ray photon. Copy and paste Copy only full slides when they use the same new design. Otherwise the file size will be very large. Use the function Insert > Insert Content > Unformatted Text to paste a copied text. The text will now use the same existing format. Each presentation needs to be categorized, with the author being responsible for choosing the right category: Unrestricted – Restricted – Confidential – Strictly confidential – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 in the “Header and footer” BME Education_Basic & Advanced X-rays for all pages. new category ©” “Restricted ©” and “the Start > Replace > insert This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to someone internally or externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the How are X-Rays produced? SIEMENS content stays as intended. Healthineers Our template contains layout guidelines. Their purpose is to indicate key margins and mandatory areas on slides. Copy and paste Bremsstrahlung Radiation High Energy Photon Copy only full slides when When passing close by an nucleus, the projectile electron is slowed down drastically and its direction they use the same new design. Otherwise the file significantly changed. In this case a high energy x-ray photon results. size will be very large. Use the function Insert > Insert Content > Unformatted Text to paste a copied text. The text will now use the same existing format. Each presentation needs to be categorized, with the author being responsible for choosing the right category: Unrestricted – Restricted – Confidential – Strictly confidential – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 in the “Header and footer” “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 BME Education_Basic & Advanced X-rays for all pages. new category ©” “Restricted ©” and “the Start > Replace > insert This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to someone internally or externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the How are X-Rays produced? SIEMENS content stays as intended. How are X-Rays produced? Healthineers Our template contains layout guidelines. Characteristic X-Ray Emission : • After collision of the incoming accelerated electron with an electron of the inner shell (K shell), the atom- Their purpose is to indicate key margins and mandatory • associated electron is knocked out of its orbital. areas on slides. • The resulting vacancy is filled up by an electron from an outer shell. • The energy difference between both shells is emitted as an X-ray photon. Copy and paste Copy only full slides when • This photon is the result of releasing the binding energy of the electron. So, its energy is characteristic to the they use the same new atom and independent from the kinetic energy of the projectile electron. design. Otherwise the file size will be very large. Use the function Insert > Insert Content > Unformatted Text M to paste a copied text. M Primary electron The text will now use the same existing format. X-rays K K Each presentation needs to be categorized, with the author being responsible for Released electron choosing the right category: Unrestricted – Restricted – Confidential – Strictly confidential – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 in the “Header and footer” “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 BME Education_Basic & Advanced X-rays for all pages. “Restricted ©” and “the Start > Replace > insert new category ©” someone internally or This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the How are X-Rays produced? SIEMENS content stays as intended. Healthineers Our template contains layout guidelines. Bremsstrahlung Radiation : X ray radiation is a mixture of photons of various energies, low energies, low energy photons are the majority Their purpose is to indicate key margins and mandatory and high energy photons the minority. areas on slides. This represents the likelihood of interactions of projectile electrons within an atom. Creating heat is very likely. Giving off all its kinetic energy in a single event is rather unlikely for an projectile Copy and paste Copy only full slides when electron. they use the same new design. Otherwise the file size will be very large. Use the function Insert > Insert Content > Unformatted Text N to paste a copied text. The text will now use the same existing format. Each presentation needs to be categorized, with the author being responsible for WWW. choosing the right category: WWOw Unrestricted – WW WW. WW. WW WW. Restricted – Confidential – Strictly confidential – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 in the “Header and footer” “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 BME Education_Basic & Advanced X-rays for all pages. new category ©” “Restricted ©” and “the Start > Replace > insert This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to someone internally or externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the SIEMENS content stays as intended. Historical Overview Healthineers Our template contains layout guidelines. • The following years were dominated by the scientists' Their purpose is to indicate key margins and mandatory eagerness to harness X-rays for medical applications. areas on slides. • People let themselves be exposed to X-rays from head to Copy and paste toe, the fit of shoes was determined with an X-ray image, Copy only full slides when they use the same new and the first angiograms were generated. design. Otherwise the file size will be very large. Use the function Insert > Insert Content > Unformatted Text to paste a copied text. The text will now use the same existing format. Each presentation needs to be categorized, with the author being responsible for choosing the right category: Unrestricted – Restricted – Confidential – Strictly confidential – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 in the “Header and footer” “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 for all pages. “Restricted ©” and “the new category ©” Start > Replace > insert This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to someone internally or externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the SIEMENS content stays as intended. Historical Overview Healthineers Our template contains layout guidelines. Their purpose is to indicate key margins and mandatory • As a consequence, many physicists and people areas on slides. in the medical profession got sick and some of them even died. Copy and paste Copy only full slides when they use the same new • The incorporation of the X-ray tube into a design. Otherwise the file size will be very large. protective housing, the confinement of the radiation beam by a collimator, and wearing of Use the function Insert > Insert Content > protective clothing were the measures taken to Unformatted Text achieve protection from the radiation. to paste a copied text. The text will now use the same existing format. • The Bucky device, which was developed in 1912, improved the quality of the X-ray images. Each presentation needs to be categorized, with the author being responsible for choosing the right category: Unrestricted – Restricted – Confidential – Strictly confidential – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 in the “Header and footer” BME Education_Basic & Advanced X-rays for all pages. new category ©” Start > Replace > insert “Restricted ©” and “the This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to someone internally or externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the SIEMENS content stays as intended. Historical Overview Healthineers Our template contains layout guidelines. RO Their purpose is to indicate • Immediately after the discovery of the X-rays, Siemens key margins and mandatory starts with the development of the first X-ray machines areas on slides. in 1896. Copy and paste Copy only full slides when • The exposure time is still 11 to 12 minutes for an X-ray they use the same new design. Otherwise the file image. The radiation dose is enormous. size will be very large. Use the function • Around 1918, the first X-ray machines for radiography Insert > Insert Content > Unformatted Text come into operation. to paste a copied text. The text will now use the same existing format. • In the thirties, when cases of tuberculosis emerged, Siemens X-ray machines were used for serial X-ray Each presentation needs to examinations to assist in disease prevention. be categorized, with the author being responsible for choosing the right category: Unrestricted – Restricted – Confidential – Strictly confidential – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 in the “Header and footer” BME Education_Basic & Advanced X-rays for all pages. new category ©” Start > Replace > insert “Restricted ©” and “the This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to someone internally or externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the SIEMENS content stays as intended. Historical Overview Healthineers Our template contains layout guidelines.  With the introduction of fluoroscopic screens it KON Their purpose is to indicate becomes feasible to study events involving motion. key margins and mandatory areas on slides.  This type of examination is performed with so-called Copy and paste fluoroscopy systems. Copy only full slides when they use the same new design. Otherwise the file  The introduction of the image intensifier/television size will be very large. chain in 1952 marks a milestone in the development of Use the function X-ray machines. Insert > Insert Content > Unformatted Text to paste a copied text. The text will now use the  Fluoroscopy examinations can now also be same existing format. performed in lighted rooms because the image is displayed on a monitor. Each presentation needs to be categorized, with the author being responsible for choosing the right category: Unrestricted – Restricted – Confidential – Strictly confidential – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 in the “Header and footer” “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 BME Education_Basic & Advanced X-rays for all pages. new category ©” “Restricted ©” and “the Start > Replace > insert This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to someone internally or externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the SIEMENS content stays as intended. Historical Overview Healthineers Our template contains SIRESKOP layout guidelines. • In the next advance, the unwieldy film changer is Their purpose is to indicate replaced by a medium-format camera and, for key margins and mandatory areas on slides. cardiac examinations, by a cine camera. Copy and paste • After the system is made to be lightweight and Copy only full slides when compact, it can be mounted to a U-arm and they use the same new design. Otherwise the file swiveled around the patient's longitudinal axis. size will be very large. This enables oblique projections of the resting VERTIX Use the function • Insert > Insert Content > Unformatted Text patient's body. to paste a copied text. The text will now use the same existing format. • In 1953, Siemens comes out with a further advanced X-ray diagnostics system: the Sireskop. Each presentation needs to be categorized, with the author being responsible for • The system Vertix follows in 1975. Due to built-in choosing the right category: flexible rotation and tilting mechanisms, Unrestricted – Restricted repositioning of the patient is no longer required. – Confidential – Strictly confidential – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 in the “Header and footer” “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 BME Education_Basic & Advanced X-rays for all pages. “Restricted ©” and “the Start > Replace > insert new category ©” This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to someone internally or externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the SIEMENS content stays as intended. Historical Overview Historical Overview Healthineers Our template contains layout guidelines. Their purpose is to indicate key margins and mandatory • The Polystar, which was developed in 1991, is a C- areas on slides. arm system suitable for performing general POLYSTAR angiographic examinations and interventional Copy and paste Copy only full slides when procedures. they use the same new design. Otherwise the file size will be very large. • Up to today, many innovations have followed, Use the function primarily in the area of image generation, on the way Insert > Insert Content > from the conventional to the digital X-ray image. Unformatted Text to paste a copied text. The text will now use the • same existing format. A big step forward in this direction is the development of the flat-panel detectors. Each presentation needs to be categorized, with the author being responsible for choosing the right category: Unrestricted – Restricted – Confidential – Strictly confidential – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 in the “Header and footer” BME Education_Basic & Advanced X-rays for all pages. new category ©” Start > Replace > insert “Restricted ©” and “the This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to someone internally or externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the SIEMENS content stays as intended. Imaging Procedures in Medicine Healthineers Our template contains layout guidelines. Their purpose is to indicate • X-ray diagnostics is reliable, quick, simple and cost-efficient. key margins and mandatory • X-ray images give the first crucial indication of a disease. areas on slides. • X-ray examinations are used in orthopedics for the detection of bone fractures. • In Angiography for the diagnosis of dangerous vascular obliterations. Copy and paste Copy only full slides when • In Mammography for breast cancer prevention they use the same new • design. Otherwise the file With modern X-ray equipment, the patients are exposed to a low radiation dose. size will be very large. Use the function Insert > Insert Content > Unformatted Text to paste a copied text. The text will now use the same existing format. Each presentation needs to be categorized, with the author being responsible for choosing the right category: Unrestricted – Restricted – Confidential – Strictly confidential – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 in the “Header and footer” BME Education_Basic & Advanced X-rays for all pages. “Restricted ©” and “the Start > Replace > insert new category ©” This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to someone internally or externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the SIEMENS content stays as intended. System Structure Healthineers Our template contains layout guidelines. Their purpose is to indicate In the process from the exposure to the finished X-ray key margins and mandatory areas on slides. image the following components are required: Bucky wall stand Tube unit Copy and paste • X-ray tube unit Copy only full slides when • Collimator with light localizer they use the same new Generator design. Otherwise the file • Generator Control panel for collimator/light size will be very large. Generator control panel O localizer • Use the function Patient table Generator control panel • Insert > Insert Content > Unformatted Text • Scatter radiation grid to paste a copied text. Film cassette Detector tray for Patient table The text will now use the • scatter radiation same existing format. grid/film cassette Each presentation needs to be categorized, with the author being responsible for choosing the right category: Unrestricted – Restricted – Confidential – Strictly confidential – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 in the “Header and footer” “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 BME Education_Basic & Advanced X-rays for all pages. new category ©” “Restricted ©” and “the Start > Replace > insert This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to someone internally or externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the SIEMENS content stays as intended. System Structure – X-Ray Tube Healthineers Our template contains layout guidelines. • The X-ray tube is incorporated in a protective housing: together, both form the tube unit. Their purpose is to indicate key margins and mandatory • The X-ray tube consists of a cathode and an anode which are located in an evacuated glass envelope. areas on slides. Copy and paste Copy only full slides when they use the same new X-ray tube unit design. Otherwise the file size will be very large. Glass envelope X-ray tube Glass envelope Anode disc Use the function Insert > Insert Content > Unformatted Text to paste a copied text. The text will now use the same existing format. Each presentation needs to be categorized, with the author being responsible for choosing the right category: Central beam Unrestricted Cathode Anode – Restricted Hot cathode filament with focusing cup – Confidential – Strictly confidential – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 in the “Header and footer” BME Education_Basic & Advanced X-rays for all pages. Start > Replace > insert new category ©” “Restricted ©” and “the This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to someone internally or externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the SIEMENS content stays as intended. System Structure – X-Ray Tube Healthineers Our template contains layout guidelines. Their purpose is to indicate key margins and mandatory Cathode: areas on slides. • The cathode consists of a tungsten coil. This Copy and paste Copy only full slides when filament is heated to approximately 2000°C until they use the same new the electrons start to be released from the design. Otherwise the file size will be very large. metallic molecular lattice. • By applying a positive voltage of 40 to 150 kV at Use the function Insert > Insert Content > the anode, these emitted electrons are Unformatted Text to paste a copied text. accelerated towards the anode disc. The text will now use the same existing format. Cathode Each presentation needs to be categorized, with the author being responsible for choosing the right category: Unrestricted – Restricted – Confidential – Strictly confidential – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 in the “Header and footer” BME Education_Basic & Advanced X-rays for all pages. new category ©” Start > Replace > insert “Restricted ©” and “the someone internally or This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the SIEMENS content stays as intended. System Structure – X-Ray Tube Healthineers Our template contains layout guidelines. Anode: Their purpose is to indicate key margins and mandatory areas on slides. • There are two different types of anodes: stationary and rotating anodes. Copy and paste • After the collision of the electrons with the anode, 1% of Copy only full slides when they use the same new the incident energy is converted into X-rays and 99% into design. Otherwise the file size will be very large. heat. The heat generated at the focal spot of the electron beam is dissipated into the anode. By rotation of the anode Use the function Insert > Insert Content > disc, a cooled part of the circular focal spot path is Unformatted Text to paste a copied text. constantly exposed to the electron beam, thus avoiding The text will now use the same existing format. overheating of the anode surface. Cathode Anode • In smaller X-ray tubes with lower radiation output and, Each presentation needs to be categorized, with the consequently, less operative strain, the rotation is not author being responsible for choosing the right category: required. In this type of X-ray tube, a stationary anode is Unrestricted sufficient. – Restricted – Confidential – Strictly confidential – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 in the “Header and footer” BME Education_Basic & Advanced X-rays for all pages. new category ©” Start > Replace > insert “Restricted ©” and “the This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to someone internally or externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the SIEMENS content stays as intended. System Structure – X-Ray Tube Healthineers Our template contains layout guidelines. Glass Envelope: Their purpose is to indicate key margins and mandatory areas on slides. The X-ray tube envelope is made of glass. It maintains the vacuum that is required to sustain the electron beam and also provides the electrical insulation for the high voltage between cathode and Copy and paste anode. At the radiation exit window, the glass envelope is ground to reduce the absorption of radiation. Copy only full slides when they use the same new design. Otherwise the file size will be very large. Use the function Insert > Insert Content > Unformatted Text to paste a copied text. The text will now use the same existing format. Each presentation needs to be categorized, with the author being responsible for choosing the right category: Unrestricted – Restricted – Confidential – Strictly confidential – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 in the “Header and footer” BME Education_Basic & Advanced X-rays for all pages. new category ©” “Restricted ©” and “the Start > Replace > insert This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to someone internally or externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the SIEMENS content stays as intended. System Structure – X-Ray Tube Healthineers Our template contains layout guidelines. Their purpose is to indicate key margins and mandatory areas on slides. Protective Housing: Copy and paste • To ensure safe operation, the X-ray tube is Copy only full slides when built into a protective housing which is they use the same new design. Otherwise the file coated with lead foil and filled with oil. size will be very large. • This housing protects the X-ray tube from Use the function external factors and has an exit window for Insert > Insert Content > Unformatted Text the release of the useful radiation beam to to paste a copied text. the outside. The lead assists in reducing The text will now use the same existing format. leakage radiation, and the oil provides electrical insulation and cooling of the tube. Each presentation needs to be categorized, with the author being responsible for choosing the right category: Unrestricted – Restricted – Confidential – Strictly confidential – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 in the “Header and footer” BME Education_Basic & Advanced X-rays for all pages. new category ©” Start > Replace > insert “Restricted ©” and “the This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to someone internally or externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the Latest X-Ray Tube SIEMENS content stays as intended. Healthineers Our template contains layout guidelines. Their purpose is to indicate key margins and mandatory areas on slides. Copy and paste Copy only full slides when they use the same new smaller focal quadratic better design. Otherwise the file spot sizes focal spots profile size will be very large. Use the function HEMENS Insert > Insert Content > Gigalix Unformatted Text to paste a copied text. sharper images sharper images less artefacts The text will now use the in all directions same existing format. SIEMENS Each presentation needs to It uses the fate filament enable to give sharper image be categorized, with the author being responsible for choosing the right category: Unrestricted – Restricted – Confidential – Strictly confidential – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 in the “Header and footer” BME Education_Basic & Advanced X-rays for all pages. Start > Replace > insert new category ©” “Restricted ©” and “the This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to someone internally or externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the Flat filament SIEMENS content stays as intended. Healthineers Our template contains layout guidelines. Their purpose is to indicate key margins and mandatory areas on slides. Copy and paste Copy only full slides when they use the same new design. Otherwise the file size will be very large. Use the function Insert > Insert Content > Unformatted Text to paste a copied text. The text will now use the same existing format. Each presentation needs to be categorized, with the author being responsible for choosing the right category: K Unrestricted – Restricted – Confidential – Strictly confidential – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 in the “Header and footer” “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 BME Education_Basic & Advanced X-rays for all pages. “Restricted ©” and “the Start > Replace > insert new category ©” This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to someone internally or externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the SIEMENS content stays as intended. System Structure Healthineers Our template contains layout guidelines. Their purpose is to indicate key margins and mandatory Collimator with Light Localizer: areas on slides. • In order to restrict the useful radiation beam to the required field size, the collimator is installed at Copy and paste Copy only full slides when the radiation exit window of the tube unit. they use the same new • The light localizer simulates the radiation beam in size and position, thus enabling the proper design. Otherwise the file size will be very large. positioning of the patient. Use the function Insert > Insert Content > Unformatted Text to paste a copied text. Anode The text will now use the same existing format. Each presentation needs to be categorized, with the author being responsible for choosing the right category: Light localizer with mirror Lead collimating plates Unrestricted – Restricted – Confidential – Strictly confidential – Useful radiation beam The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 in the “Header and footer” “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 BME Education_Basic & Advanced X-rays for all pages. “Restricted ©” and “the Start > Replace > insert new category ©” This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to someone internally or externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the SIEMENS content stays as intended. System Structure Healthineers Our template contains layout guidelines. X-Ray Generator: Their purpose is to indicate key margins and mandatory areas on slides. • The generator function is to deliver the desired radiation quality without overloading the X-ray tube. Copy and paste Accordingly, the generator generates the high voltage, X-ray generator • Copy only full slides when they use the same new controls the tube current and drives the rotating anode. design. Otherwise the file • State-of-the-art inverter technology is used for the size will be very large. required power levels. Use the function Insert > Insert Content > Unformatted Text to paste a copied text. The text will now use the same existing format. Each presentation needs to be categorized, with the author being responsible for choosing the right category: Unrestricted – Restricted – Confidential – Strictly confidential – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 in the “Header and footer” BME Education_Basic & Advanced X-rays for all pages. “Restricted ©” and “the Start > Replace > insert new category ©” This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to someone internally or externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the SIEMENS content stays as intended. System Structure Healthineers Our template contains layout guidelines. Generator Control Panel Their purpose is to indicate Power Circuit key margins and mandatory + areas on slides. Power Supply AC DC AC H1 Anode Staring Device Copy and paste Copy only full slides when they use the same new AC design. Otherwise the file size will be very large. DC Use the function Voltage Insert > Insert Content > Regulation Filament Unformatted Text Circuit to paste a copied text. The text will now use the same existing format. Each presentation needs to be categorized, with the Control author being responsible for Service Data CPU Automatic choosing the right category: console Control Exposure Control Unrestricted – Restricted – Confidential – Strictly confidential – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 in the “Header and footer” “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 BME Education_Basic & Advanced X-rays for all pages. new category ©” “Restricted ©” and “the Start > Replace > insert This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to someone internally or externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the SIEMENS content stays as intended. System Structure Healthineers Our template contains layout guidelines. Generator Control Panel: Their purpose is to indicate key margins and mandatory • The control panel is the interface between operator and system. Here,all data that are relevant for areas on slides. the exposure are entered. • This includes parameters such as tube current, tube voltage and exposure time. Copy and paste • The data entry is performed either by pressing buttons or by using a touch-screen display. Copy only full slides when they use the same new design. Otherwise the file size will be very large. Generator control panel Use the function Insert > Insert Content > Unformatted Text to paste a copied text. The text will now use the same existing format. Each presentation needs to be categorized, with the author being responsible for choosing the right category: Unrestricted – Restricted – Confidential – Strictly confidential – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 in the “Header and footer” “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 BME Education_Basic & Advanced X-rays for all pages. “Restricted ©” and “the Start > Replace > insert new category ©” This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to someone internally or externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the SIEMENS content stays as intended. System Structure Healthineers Our template contains layout guidelines. Patient Table: Their purpose is to indicate key margins and mandatory • The patient table is designed for the positioning of the patient. areas on slides. • The table is adjustable so that relocation of the patient during the examination is avoided. Copy and paste Copy only full slides when they use the same new design. Otherwise the file size will be very large. Use the function Insert > Insert Content > Unformatted Text to paste a copied text. The text will now use the same existing format. Patient table Each presentation needs to be categorized, with the author being responsible for choosing the right category: Unrestricted – Restricted – Confidential – Strictly confidential – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 in the “Header and footer” for all pages. “Restricted ©” and “the Start > Replace > insert new category ©” This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to someone internally or externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the SIEMENS content stays as intended. System Structure Healthineers Our template contains layout guidelines. Scatter Radiation Grid: Their purpose is to indicate key margins and mandatory • When X-rays hit matter, scatter radiation is produced. It is lower in energy than primary radiation areas on slides. and, since it is undirected, it does not contain image information. • Scatter radiation produces a contrast-reducing fog on the film. Copy and paste Copy only full slides when they use the same new design. Otherwise the file size will be very large. Scatter radiation grid Scatter radiation grid Use the function Insert > Insert Content > Unformatted Text th to paste a copied text. The text will now use the same existing format. Each presentation needs to o o be categorized, with the :::::: :::::: :: == :: === :: author being responsible for Without scatter radiation grid With scatter radiation grid choosing the right category: Unrestricted – Restricted – Confidential – Strictly confidential – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 in the “Header and footer” BME Education_Basic & Advanced X-rays for all pages. Start > Replace > insert new category ©” “Restricted ©” and “the This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to someone internally or externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the SIEMENS content stays as intended. System Structure Healthineers Our template contains layout guidelines. Scatter Radiation Grid:- Their purpose is to indicate • To prevent the formation of this fog, a scatter radiation grid is placed between the patient and the key margins and mandatory areas on slides. film cassette. • This lamellae-like grid consists of radio-opaque material with parallel openings. The design ensures Copy and paste that only the desired directed radiation can pass through whereas the undirected scatter radiation is Copy only full slides when they use the same new absorbed. design. Otherwise the file size will be very large. Scatter radiation grid Use the function Insert > Insert Content > Unformatted Text to paste a copied text. The text will now use the same existing format. Each presentation needs to be categorized, with the author being responsible for choosing the right category: Unrestricted – Restricted – Confidential – Strictly confidential – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 in the “Header and footer” “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 BME Education_Basic & Advanced X-rays for all pages. “Restricted ©” and “the Start > Replace > insert new category ©” This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to someone internally or externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the System Structure SIEMENS content stays as intended. Healthineers Our template contains layout guidelines. Scatter Radiation Grid: Their purpose is to indicate key margins and mandatory areas on slides. The primary radiation from the focal spot passes through the grid, but the scatter radiation from the object hits Copy and paste the strips at various angles and is absorbed. This produces a sharper image. Copy only full slides when they use the same new design. Otherwise the file F Focal spot size will be very large. Effect of the secondary radiation grid fo focusing distance Use the function Insert > Insert Content > Unformatted Text to paste a copied text. The text will now use the same existing format. Each presentation needs to Object be categorized, with the author being responsible for Grid choosing the right category: I Absorber strips (lead) Image recording system Unrestricted – Restricted – Confidential – Strictly confidential – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 in the “Header and footer” BME Education_Basic & Advanced X-rays for all pages. Start > Replace > insert “Restricted ©” and “the new category ©” This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to someone internally or externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the SIEMENS content stays as intended. System Structure Healthineers Our template contains Effects of the Grid layout guidelines. Their purpose is to indicate key margins and mandatory Non-grid Grid areas on slides. Copy and paste Copy only full slides when they use the same new design. Otherwise the file size will be very large. Use the function Insert > Insert Content > Unformatted Text to paste a copied text. The text will now use the same existing format. Each presentation needs to be categorized, with the author being responsible for choosing the right category: Unrestricted – Restricted – Confidential – Strictly confidential – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 in the “Header and footer” “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 BME Education_Basic & Advanced X-rays for all pages. new category ©” “Restricted ©” and “the Start > Replace > insert This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to someone internally or externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the SIEMENS content stays as intended. System Structure Healthineers Our template contains layout guidelines. Effects of the Grid Their purpose is to indicate key margins and mandatory areas on slides. Radiograph of skull showing light and dark Copy and paste Copy only full slides when bands or stripes resulting from a very short they use the same new design. Otherwise the file exposure time or malfunctioning grid. size will be very large. Use the function The light stripes are areas under the moving Insert > Insert Content > Unformatted Text to paste a copied text. lead strips. The text will now use the same existing format. Each presentation needs to be categorized, with the author being responsible for choosing the right category: Unrestricted – Restricted – Confidential – Strictly confidential – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 in the “Header and footer” “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 BME Education_Basic & Advanced X-rays for all pages. “Restricted ©” and “the Start > Replace > insert new category ©” This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to someone internally or externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the SIEMENS content stays as intended. System Structure Healthineers Our template contains layout guidelines. Grid Designations Their purpose is to indicate key margins and mandatory areas on slides. R12/N40/fo150/Pb Copy and paste Copy only full slides when R12 Grid Ratio they use the same new N40 # of lines per cm design. Otherwise the file size will be very large. fo150 Focused for 150cm SID Pb Absorbing material is lead Use the function Insert > Insert Content > Typically fo of 150 in a Vertix Unformatted Text to paste a copied text. fo of 100 in a Table Bucky The text will now use the same existing format. Each presentation needs to be categorized, with the author being responsible for choosing the right category: Unrestricted – Restricted – Confidential – Strictly confidential – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 in the “Header and footer” BME Education_Basic & Advanced X-rays for all pages. new category ©” Start > Replace > insert “Restricted ©” and “the This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to someone internally or externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the SIEMENS content stays as intended. System Structure Healthineers Our template contains layout guidelines. Film Cassette: Their purpose is to indicate key margins and mandatory • The film cassette is positioned in the cassette tray in a way that the focal spot is precisely centered on areas on slides. it without exceeding the cassette format. Copy and paste • Inside the film cassette is the X-ray film. Copy only full slides when they use the same new design. Otherwise the file size will be very large. • In its simplest form, it consists of a polyester support coated with two light- (radiation-) sensitive emulsion layers for better absorption. However, a large amount of radiation is required for proper Use the function Insert > Insert Content > exposure. Unformatted Text to paste a copied text. The text will now use the same existing format. Film cassette Film cassette Each presentation needs to be categorized, with the 100% author being responsible for choosing the right category: Emulsion Polyester support Unrestricted Emulsion – Restricted 95% – Confidential – Strictly confidential – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 in the “Header and footer” BME Education_Basic & Advanced X-rays for all pages. Start > Replace > insert new category ©” “Restricted ©” and “the someone internally or This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the SIEMENS content stays as intended. System Structure Healthineers Our template contains layout guidelines. Their purpose is to indicate Film Cassette: key margins and mandatory areas on slides. • By use of additional intensifying screens composed of fluorescent crystals, X-rays are converted into visible light for which the film Film cassette Copy and paste Copy only full slides when emulsion is more sensitive. they use the same new design. Otherwise the file • This way, the dose requirement is reduced by a factor of 50. size will be very large. • In the film cassette, the double-sided emulsion-coated X-ray film is Use the function kept as close as possible in contact with the intensifying screens on Insert > Insert Content > the top and bottom. Unformatted Text to paste a copied text. • The film cassette needs to be absolutely light-tight to prevent The text will now use the same existing format. artifacts on the X-ray film. • The exposed film is then transferred into a self-contained film Each presentation needs to processing system which ejects the processed film after 90 be categorized, with the author being responsible for seconds. choosing the right category: Unrestricted – Restricted – Confidential – Strictly confidential – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 in the “Header and footer” BME Education_Basic & Advanced X-rays for all pages. new category ©” Start > Replace > insert “Restricted ©” and “the This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to someone internally or externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the SIEMENS content stays as intended. System Structure Healthineers Our template contains layout guidelines. Basic Imaging Chain Their purpose is to indicate key margins and mandatory X-ray image areas on slides. intensifier Iris diaphragm - Power TV supply Generator U Dactual Digital image Copy and paste processing Copy only full slides when they use the same new design. Otherwise the file Uret Object Tref Monitor size will be very large. M Use the function Automatic exposure Iris Insert > Insert Content > control system 18 actual diaphragm Unformatted Text to paste a copied text. control The text will now use the Automatic fluoro- system same existing format. scopy system Automatic control Each presentation needs to system for DSA Iris (ref. value) be categorized, with the author being responsible for choosing the right category: Required values for focal spot, P, dose/image, images/s, UIE = 63 kV Unrestricted – Restricted – Confidential – Strictly confidential – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 in the “Header and footer” “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 for all pages. new category ©” “Restricted ©” and “the Start > Replace > insert someone internally or This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the SIEMENS content stays as intended. Image Generation Healthineers Our template contains layout guidelines. Their purpose is to indicate • The X-ray film is as old as the detection of the key margins and mandatory Image intensifier Flat-panel detector areas on slides. X-rays itself. Film/screen system • With the invention of the fluoroscopy Copy and paste technique, image intensifiers came on the Copy only full slides when they use the same new market. design. Otherwise the file • The most recent development is the move ...... size will be very large. towards digitalization of X-ray diagnostics. ............. Use the function Insert > Insert Content > Unformatted Text ........... ....... to paste a copied text. ............ The text will now use the same existing format. Each presentation needs to be categorized, with the author being responsible for choosing the right category: Unrestricted – Restricted – Confidential – Strictly confidential – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 in the “Header and footer” BME Education_Basic & Advanced X-rays for all pages. Start > Replace > insert new category ©” “Restricted ©” and “the This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to someone internally or externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the SIEMENS content stays as intended. Image Intensifier Healthineers Our template contains layout guidelines. Their purpose is to indicate • An X-Ray Image Intensifier converts X-ray photon into Visible Light. key margins and mandatory • It consists of a dome-shaped input screen, three to five electrodes and a smaller output screen. areas on slides. Copy and paste Copy only full slides when they use the same new design. Otherwise the file size will be very large. Use the function Electron trajectories Insert > Insert Content > Incident X-rays Electrostatic Unformatted Text lenses to paste a copied text. The text will now use the same existing format. Output screen Each presentation needs to be categorized, with the author being responsible for Anode potential choosing the right category: +25 to +35 kV Unrestricted – Restricted Input screen Photocathode Vacuum envelope – Confidential – Strictly confidential – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 in the “Header and footer” BME Education_Basic & Advanced X-rays for all pages. Start > Replace > insert new category ©” “Restricted ©” and “the This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to someone internally or externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the SIEMENS content stays as intended. Image Intensifier Healthineers Our template contains layout guidelines. • The incident X-rays penetrate the protective housing made of glass or aluminum and are weakened by Their purpose is to indicate key margins and mandatory approximately 10% in this process. The remaining 90% reach the first image-converting layer, the cesium iodide areas on slides. crystals of the input screen. • They transform the incoming radiation into light of the visible spectral range. Copy and paste Copy only full slides when • These photons reach the second image-converting layer, the metal layer of the photocathode consisting of they use the same new antimony and cesium. design. Otherwise the file size will be very large. • The incident photons excite electrons of the metal which can escape from the metal surface. • By applying a voltage of 25 kV at the output screen, the electrons are removed, simultaneously accelerated, and Use the function Insert > Insert Content > focused on the output screen by electrostatic lenses. Unformatted Text to paste a copied text. • On the output screen, the third image-converting layer, less than 1% of the incoming electrons are converted The text will now use the back into light energy. same existing format. • Acceleration and size reduction (minification) of the image result in a 10,000-fold amplification of the Each presentation needs to information. be categorized, with the author being responsible for choosing the right category: Unrestricted – Restricted – Confidential – Strictly confidential – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 in the “Header and footer” “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 BME Education_Basic & Advanced X-rays for all pages. “Restricted ©” and “the Start > Replace > insert new category ©” This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to someone internally or externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the SIEMENS content stays as intended. Image Intensifier Healthineers Our template contains layout guidelines. Their purpose is to indicate • The image is recorded at the output with a television camera, digitally processed and either displayed key margins and mandatory on a monitor or transferred to a computer with further image processing capabilities. areas on slides. Copy and paste Copy only full slides when they use the same new Television design. Otherwise the file Electrostatic Input screen lenses camera size will be very large. Lenses Use the function Insert > Insert Content > Unformatted Text to paste a copied text. The text will now use the same existing format. Each presentation needs to be categorized, with the Output screen author being responsible for choosing the right category: Photocathode Unrestricted – Restricted – Confidential – Strictly confidential – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 in the “Header and footer” “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 BME Education_Basic & Advanced X-rays for all pages. new category ©” “Restricted ©” and “the Start > Replace > insert someone internally or Calibri. If you send it to This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the SIEMENS content stays as intended. Flat Panel Detector Healthineers Our template contains layout guidelines. Their purpose is to indicate key margins and mandatory • The X-rays penetrating the body are measured with a flat-panel detector. areas on slides. • The flat-panel detector combines all properties of the preceding image detectors. • It consists of: Copy and paste • The scintillator Copy only full slides when they use the same new • The detector matrix design. Otherwise the file • size will be very large. The electronics for image processing. Use the function Detector matrix Scintillator Insert > Insert Content > Unformatted Text to paste a copied text. The text will now use the 111 111111 Data same existing format. System Readout ICs Each presentation needs to be categorized, with the Optica data link Timing control author being responsible for Control Line drivers choosing the right category: Unrestricted – Restricted – Confidential – Strictly confidential – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 in the “Header and footer” “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 BME Education_Basic & Advanced X-rays for all pages. new category ©” “Restricted ©” and “the Start > Replace > insert This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to someone internally or externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the SIEMENS content stays as intended. Flat Panel Detector Healthineers Our template contains layout guidelines. Their purpose is to indicate • The X-rays penetrating the body are measured with a flat-panel key margins and mandatory areas on slides. detector. There is a semiconductor made of amorphous silicon. Detector matrix Copy and paste • Copy only full slides when they use the same new design. Otherwise the file • Associated with each picture element (pixel) is a capacitor, a thin size will be very large. film transistor (TFT) and a photodiode. Use the function Insert > Insert Content > Unformatted Text • The photodiode converts the light into electrons. The capacitor to paste a copied text. The text will now use the stores this charge and, assisted by the transistor, each pixel can be same existing format. read out individually. Each presentation needs to be categorized, with the • At the end of the process, a digital X-ray image is available on a author being responsible for choosing the right category: monitor. Unrestricted – Restricted – Confidential – Strictly confidential – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 in the “Header and footer” BME Education_Basic & Advanced X-rays for all pages. new category ©” Start > Replace > insert “Restricted ©” and “the This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to someone internally or externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the SIEMENS content stays as intended. Flat Panel Detector Healthineers Our template contains layout guidelines. Characteristics of the detector: Their purpose is to indicate 3 20080 P:00800 20ur key margins and mandatory areas on slides. • The needle structure of the scintillator focuses the light (reducing of the stray light) Copy and paste • Good resolution Copy only full slides when they use the same new • Good quantum efficiency in diagnostic energy ( 50-150 kV ) design. Otherwise the file size will be very large. Use the function Insert > Insert Content > Unformatted Text to paste a copied text. The text will now use the pixel length 150μm same existing format. Each presentation needs to be categorized, with the author being responsible for choosing the right category: Unrestricted – Restricted – Confidential – Strictly confidential – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 in the “Header and footer” “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 BME Education_Basic & Advanced X-rays for all pages. new category ©” “Restricted ©” and “the Start > Replace > insert This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to someone internally or externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the SIEMENS content stays as intended. Flat Panel Detector Healthineers Our template contains layout guidelines. Dual FOIL link to FDR-M Power connect Their purpose is to indicate AXCS key margins and mandatory areas on slides. GN-001 Copy and paste Copy only full slides when they use the same new COMMAND design. Otherwise the file size will be very large. Lead Use the function Insert > Insert Content > Unformatted Text to paste a copied text. The text will now use the same existing format. Each presentation needs to be categorized, with the author being responsible for choosing the right category: Unrestricted – Restricted – Confidential – Strictly confidential – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 in the “Header and footer” BME Education_Basic & Advanced X-rays for all pages. “Restricted ©” and “the Start > Replace > insert new category ©” This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to someone internally or externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the SIEMENS content stays as intended. Advantages of Flat Panel Detector Healthineers Our template contains layout guidelines. Their purpose is to indicate key margins and mandatory • No laborious mechanical handling and archiving. areas on slides. • Saves time and costs since the digital image is instantly available. Copy and paste Copy only full slides when they use the same new design. Otherwise the file • High tolerance towards incorrect exposure, so that retakes are not necessary. size will be very large. Use the function • More extensive display options due to digital post-processing. Insert > Insert Content > Unformatted Text to paste a copied text. The text will now use the same existing format. Each presentation needs to be categorized, with the author being responsible for choosing the right category: Unrestricted – Restricted – Confidential – Strictly confidential – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 in the “Header and footer” “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 BME Education_Basic & Advanced X-rays for all pages. “Restricted ©” and “the Start > Replace > insert new category ©” This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to someone internally or externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the SIEMENS content stays as intended. Radiography and Fluoroscopy - Comparison Healthineers Our template contains layout guidelines. Sl.No Radiography Fluoroscopy Their purpose is to indicate key margins and mandatory 1. X-Ray images developed by Photosensitive X-Ray Images developed by fluorescent priniciple on areas on slides. film the fluorescent screen. Copy and paste 2. High Resolution Images Fair Resolution Images Copy only full slides when they use the same new 3. Wide Range of contrast Less Contrast and can be improved by I.I design. Otherwise the file size will be very large. 4. Patient exposed to lesser time Patient exposure is more. Use the function Insert > Insert Content > 5. The Patient Dose is very low The Patient Dose is very High Unformatted Text to paste a copied text. The text will now use the 6. Permanent record is available (Film) Permanent record can be made by video tape same existing format. recorder Each presentation needs to 7. The image can be obtained after Immediately Images can be seen. be categorized, with the developing the Film author being responsible for choosing the right category: 8. Movements of organs cannot be observed Movements of organs can be observed Unrestricted – Restricted – Confidential – Strictly confidential – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 in the “Header and footer” “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 BME Education_Basic & Advanced X-rays for all pages. “Restricted ©” and “the Start > Replace > insert new category ©” This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to someone internally or externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the Angiography SIEMENS content stays as intended. Healthineers Our template contains layout guidelines. • In Angiography procedures, the outlines of blood vessels are made visible on the X-ray image by Their purpose is to indicate key margins and mandatory injecting contrast medium in to the bloodstream. areas on slides. • The contrast medium is rapidly diluted in the blood circulation. Copy and paste Copy only full slides when they use the same new • An X-Ray photo or a series of such photos are taken immediately after the injection. design. Otherwise the file size will be very large. • Contrast Injection is done manually or by a power operated syringe. Use the function Insert > Insert Content > Unformatted Text to paste a copied text. The text will now use the same existing format. Each presentation needs to be categorized, with the author being responsible for choosing the right category: Unrestricted – Restricted – Confidential – Strictly confidential – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 in the “Header and footer” “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 BME Education_Basic & Advanced X-rays for all pages. “Restricted ©” and “the Start > Replace > insert new category ©” This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to someone internally or externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the Classifications based on the organs to examined SIEMENS content stays as intended. Healthineers Our template contains layout guidelines. Their purpose is to indicate • Angio Cardiography – Study of Heart key margins and mandatory areas on slides. • Cerebral Angiography – Study of Brain Copy and paste Copy only full slides when they use the same new • Bronchography – Study of Lung design. Otherwise the file size will be very large. • Nephro Angiography – Study of Kidneys Use the function Insert > Insert Content > Unformatted Text to paste a copied text. The text will now use the same existing format. Each presentation needs to be categorized, with the author being responsible for choosing the right category: Unrestricted – Restricted – Confidential – Strictly confidential – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 in the “Header and footer” “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 BME Education_Basic & Advanced X-rays for all pages. new category ©” “Restricted ©” and “the Start > Replace > insert This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to someone internally or externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the SIEMENS content stays as intended. Cardiac Catheterization Healthineers Our template contains layout guidelines. • Cardiac catheterization is a technique used primarily to diagnose valve deficiencies, septal defects and other Their purpose is to indicate key margins and mandatory conditions of heart characterized by hemodynamic changes. areas on slides. • A special catheter is inserted through an Artery or Vein directly through the chest wall in to the heart. Copy and paste Copy only full slides when they use the same new • Under fluoroscopic control the catheter is manipulated until its tip is in the desired position within the heart. design. Otherwise the file size will be very large. • By the injection of a contrast medium through a suitably placed cardiac catheter the structure of the heart Use the function including the coronary arteries can be visualized Insert > Insert Content > Unformatted Text to paste a copied text. The text will now use the same existing format. Each presentation needs to be categorized, with the author being responsible for choosing the right category: Unrestricted – Restricted – Confidential – Strictly confidential – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 in the “Header and footer” “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 BME Education_Basic & Advanced X-rays for all pages. “Restricted ©” and “the Start > Replace > insert new category ©” This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to someone internally or externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the Angio Images SIEMENS content stays as intended. Healthineers Our template contains layout guidelines. Their purpose is to indicate key margins and mandatory areas on slides. Copy and paste Copy only full slides when they use the same new design. Otherwise the file size will be very large. Use the function Insert > Insert Content > Unformatted Text to paste a copied text. The text will now use the same existing format. Each presentation needs to be categorized, with the author being responsible for choosing the right category: Unrestricted – Restricted – Coronary Angiography Digital Subtraction Angiography Confidential – Strictly confidential – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 in the “Header and footer” BME Education_Basic & Advanced X-rays for all pages. “Restricted ©” and “the Start > Replace > insert new category ©” This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to someone internally or externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the SIEMENS content stays as intended. Angioplasty Healthineers Our template contains layout guidelines. Their purpose is to indicate key margins and mandatory areas on slides. Heart Stent Operation Copy and paste Copy only full slides when they use the same new design. Otherwise the file size will be very large. Use the function Insert > Insert Content > Unformatted Text to paste a copied text. (1) Narrow before angioplasty Open after angioplasty The text will now use the Catheter (2) (3) same existing format. with stent Balloon Stent expansion covered inflates to widens artery to Each presentation needs to balloon in expand restore blood flow. be categorized, with the position. stent and Balloon is deflated author being responsible for compress and catheter choosing the right category: plaque removed. Stent layers. fixed in place Unrestricted – Restricted permanently. – Confidential – Strictly confidential – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 in the “Header and footer” “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 BME Education_Basic & Advanced X-rays for all pages. new category ©” “Restricted ©” and “the Start > Replace > insert This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to someone internally or externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the Block diagram of a Cath lab SIEMENS content stays as intended. Healthineers Our template contains GENERATOR (Power Unit) Cooling Unit Flat Detector "FD" System Real Time Controller AXIS IMAGESYSTEM POLYDOROS A100 "dFC-RTC" layout guidelines. IAS A IVS TX PA DIPP 2 Single Processor Dual Processor RX FB Their purpose is to indicate A Image X-Ray Request key margins and mandatory 222 FDR 2 AAQ COPRA COPRA-A COPRA-B INS 192.168.2.2 IVS 192 366.1.2 X-Ray Enable PCI H E-FFOO PCI PCI areas on slides. MEGALIX 2 RESET CAT Mother Board 2xLWL-Spare Cable 10.1.1.16 IAS-A Mother Board 10.1.1.17 IAS-B 10.1.1.4 PCI High Speed Link PCI High Speed Link FD-Cooling D102 SAS SAS PCI PCIe 1x SAS SATA Unit Floppy Drive SIRC RAID H AID HD System-H X28127 Mother zach ystem-HD 73Gb 73Gb _160Gb IAS-A 192.168.1.1 Copy and paste LIAS-8 192.168.2.1 X24/25 Board raphic Cards Copy only full slides when SWR, IRCE, XRAY 10.1.1.2 primary secondary FX1500 they use the same new CAN USB design. Otherwise the file X22123 EGY_STP, DMG, QS, DYNA XTR SYC Donc size will be very large. ngle CCU STAND TABLE SCU VDX Id VDX Motor Controller X20/21 Motor Controller TPX Use the function (MCM4) (MCM4) ANG Oz-24CMZ Insert > Insert Content > D307 VDX Ide: Col./ FD ACU Plane A ID1. USB-Extender rotation) Longitud. ECG 1 ... 4 Plane B ID5 ... 8 Unformatted Text CD / DVD Drive SID to paste a copied text. Cradle Switch AXCS PMM (Ethernet) DOO The text will now use the Angulation - Orbitali Tilt ACE same existing format. Longitud Base LIFT Rotation 4 Each presentation needs to ULI 1 be categorized, with the DCS ULI 1: Table 10.1.1.8 10.1.1.5 author being responsible for ULI 2: Trolley ULI 3: Contr. Room" DDIS ECC DDIS choosing the right category: TCM SCM CCM SC-A Ref 1 Unrestricted SRS ROUTER 10.1.1.5 Table 10.1.1.6 Trolley INJ. Live ECG – 10.1.1.7 Contr. Room Restricted EONARDO SENSIS FSW (HSW) – 10.1.1.11 10.1.1.16 Exam. Room Confidential Control Room – Strictly confidential – DICOM The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 in the “Header and footer” “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 BME Education_Basic & Advanced X-rays for all pages. new category ©” “Restricted ©” and “the Start > Replace > insert This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to someone internally or externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the content stays as intended. Block diagram of a Cath lab system SIEMENS Healthineers Our template contains layout guidelines. AXIOM Artis Their purpose is to indicate Blockdiagram FD Cooling Disk Array Main Components: key margins and mandatory Cooling Unit Unit areas on slides. BSR RT_PC HOST PC • X-ray Generator GENERATOR Power Unit X-Ray Tube IMPAC • X-ray Tube Megalix CAT Copy and paste POLYDOROS A100 Megalix CAT BSR Copy only full slides when • Real Time Controller RTC they use the same new • design. Otherwise the file Image System 22 size will be very large. • Stand (Floor, Ceiling, Biplane,MultiPurposeMP) DIPP PC Flat Detector Collimator Use the function • Patient Table CAN Insert > Insert Content > CAN Distribution • Flat Detector FD Unformatted Text to paste a copied text. Real Time Controller RTC • Control Modules TCM, SCM, CCM, ECC The text will now use the same existing format. DDIS AXES Each presentation needs to be categorized, with the author being responsible for choosing the right category: TCM| SCM | CCM ECC Unrestricted – Restricted – Confidential Stand Table – Strictly confidential FSW – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 in the “Header and footer” “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 BME Education_Basic & Advanced X-rays for all pages. new category ©” “Restricted ©” and “the Start > Replace > insert This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to someone internally or externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the Radiation safety SIEMENS content stays as intended. Healthineers Our template contains layout guidelines. Their purpose is to indicate • Time: Keep the time spent in radiation areas to an absolute minimum. key margins and mandatory areas on slides. • Distance: Keep as much distance between you and the source as possible. This is very important because when the distance is doubled, radiation exposure is reduced by a factor of 4. Copy and paste • Shielding: Always use lead aprons or lead partitions when in a radiation area. Copy only full slides when they use the same new design. Otherwise the file size will be very large. Use the function Insert > Insert Content > Unformatted Text to paste a copied text. The text will now use the same existing format. Each presentation needs to be categorized, with the author being responsible for choosing the right category: Unrestricted – Restricted – Confidential – Strictly confidential – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 in the “Header and footer” BME Education_Basic & Advanced X-rays for all pages. new category ©” “Restricted ©” and “the Start > Replace > insert This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to someone internally or externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the Radiation safety SIEMENS content stays as intended. Healthineers Our template contains layout guidelines. Their purpose is to indicate key margins and mandatory areas on slides. • Keep maximum possible distance from the X-Ray Source. • Detector should be close to the object. Copy and paste • Use Full Format and Collimate to reduce the radiation. Copy only full slides when they use the same new • Care Profile to be used. design. Otherwise the file size will be very large. • Make use of Upper body Radiation protection and Lower body Protection. • Good Condition Lead Aprons and Thyroid shields must be used . Use the function Insert > Insert Content > • Proper usage of TLD Badges for Radiation monitoring. Unformatted Text to paste a copied text. The text will now use the same existing format. Each presentation needs to be categorized, with the author being responsible for choosing the right category: Unrestricted – Restricted – Confidential – Strictly confidential – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 in the “Header and footer” BME Education_Basic & Advanced X-rays for all pages. new category ©” Start > Replace > insert “Restricted ©” and “the This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to someone internally or externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the Radiation safety SIEMENS content stays as intended. Healthineers Our template contains layout guidelines. Their purpose is to indicate key margins and mandatory SIEMENS areas on slides. Copy and paste Artis Copy only full slides when they use the same new design. Otherwise the file size will be very large. Use the function Insert > Insert Content > ................................... ... ::::: ......................... NvUn Unformatted Text ................................. to paste a copied text. The text will now use the same existing format. Each presentation needs to be categorized, with the author being responsible for choosing the right category: Unrestricted – Restricted – Confidential – Strictly confidential – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 in the “Header and footer” BME Education_Basic & Advanced X-rays for all pages. “Restricted ©” and “the Start > Replace > insert new category ©” This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to someone internally or externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the Image Quality SIEMENS content stays as intended. Healthineers Our template contains • What is image quality? layout guidelines. • How can image quality be measured on an objective basis? Their purpose is to indicate • Which parameter are responsible for Image Quality? key margins and mandatory areas on slides. Copy and paste demands on the image quality Copy only full slides when they use the same new design. Otherwise the file size will be very large. Use the function Insert > Insert Content > Unformatted Text to paste a copied text. The text will now use the same existing format. Each presentation needs to be categorized, with the author being responsible for choosing the right category: Unrestricted – Restricted – Confidential – Strictly confidential a shot like this is poor a perfect shot – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 in the “Header and footer” “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 BME Education_Basic & Advanced X-rays for all pages. “Restricted ©” and “the Start > Replace > insert new category ©” This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to someone internally or externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the Image Quality SIEMENS content stays as intended. Healthineers Our template contains layout guidelines. Their purpose is to indicate The most important IQ parameters: key margins and mandatory areas on slides. • Contrast Copy and paste • Sharpness/ Unsharpness Copy only full slides when • they use the same new Noise design. Otherwise the file • Artifact size will be very large. Use the function Insert > Insert Content > Unformatted Text to paste a copied text. The text will now use the same existing format. Each presentation needs to be categorized, with the author being responsible for choosing the right category: Unrestricted – Restricted – Confidential – Strictly confidential – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 in the “Header and footer” “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 BME Education_Basic & Advanced X-rays for all pages. new category ©” “Restricted ©” and “the Start > Replace > insert This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to someone internally or externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the Image Quality SIEMENS content stays as intended. Healthineers Our template contains layout guidelines. Their purpose is to indicate key margins and mandatory areas on slides. contrast = object intensity - background intensity background intensity Copy and paste Copy only full slides when they use the same new design. Otherwise the file 100 size will be very large. Use the function Insert > Insert Content > Unformatted Text to paste a copied text. 150 contrast = (150-100)/100 = 0,5 The text will now use the same existing format. Each presentation needs to be categorized, with the author being responsible for choosing the right category: Unrestricted – Restricted – Confidential – Strictly confidential – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 in the “Header and footer” BME Education_Basic & Advanced X-rays for all pages. new category ©” Start > Replace > insert “Restricted ©” and “the This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to someone internally or externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the Image Quality SIEMENS content stays as intended. Healthineers Our template contains Sharpness/Resolution layout guidelines. Their purpose is to indicate Piazza Logistica Piazza Logistica key margins and mandatory areas on slides. Copy and paste Copy only full slides when they use the same new design. Otherwise the file size will be very large. Use the function Insert > Insert Content > Unformatted Text to paste a copied text. The text will now use the same existing format. Each presentation needs to be categorized, with the H igh resolution Low resolution author being responsible for choosing the right category: Unrestricted – Restricted – Confidential – Strictly confidential – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 in the “Header and footer” BME Education_Basic & Advanced X-rays for all pages. new category ©” Start > Replace > insert “Restricted ©” and “the This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to someone internally or externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the SIEMENS content stays as intended. Image Quality Healthineers Sharpness/Resolution Our template contains layout guidelines. Their purpose is to indicate key margins and mandatory areas on slides. • Spatial resolution is the distinctness of fine structures orm Youue Copy and paste Copy only full slides when • general definition: separation of two neighboring objects. they use the same new design. Otherwise the file size will be very large. Use the function Insert > Insert Content > Unformatted Text to paste a copied text. 300 The text will now use the same existing format. Oupe value Each presentation needs to be categorized, with the author being responsible for choosing the right category: Unrestricted – Restricted – Confidential – Strictly confidential – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 in the “Header and footer” “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 BME Education_Basic & Advanced X-rays for all pages. new category ©” “Restricted ©” and “the Start > Replace > insert This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to someone internally or externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the Image Quality SIEMENS content stays as intended. Healthineers Sharpness/Resolution Our template contains layout guidelines. Their purpose is to indicate key margins and mandatory areas on slides. • Geometric unsharpness A • focus spot A Copy and paste Copy only full slides when • The perfect spot (focus) would be point-shaped. The they use the same new design. Otherwise the file bigger the focus, the bigger the geometric unsharpness size will be very large. • Relative distances Use the function • The nearer the object on the Insert > Insert Content > • detector, the smaller the B B Unformatted Text to paste a copied text. • geometric unsharpness The text will now use the same existing format. C C S1 S1 S2 S2 S3 S3 Each presentation needs to be categorized, with the author being responsible for choosing the right category: Unrestricted – Restricted – Confidential – Strictly confidential – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 in the “Header and footer” “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 BME Education_Basic & Advanced X-rays for all pages. new category ©” “Restricted ©” and “the Start > Replace > insert This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to someone internally or externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the Image Quality SIEMENS content stays as intended. Healthineers Sharpness/Resolution Our template contains layout guidelines. Their purpose is to indicate effect of pixel binning key margins and mandatory areas on slides. 2 x2 Binning Copy and paste Copy only full slides when they use the same new 4 Pixels 2 Pixels design. Otherwise the file size will be very large. 4 Pixels 2 Pixels Use the function Insert > Insert Content > Unformatted Text to paste a copied text. The text will now use the same existing format. Each presentation needs to be categorized, with the author being responsible for choosing the right category: Unrestricted – Restricted no binning 2×2 binning – Confidential – Strictly confidential – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 in the “Header and footer” BME Education_Basic & Advanced X-rays for all pages. new category ©” “Restricted ©” and “the Start > Replace > insert This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to someone internally or externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the Image Quality SIEMENS content stays as intended. Healthineers Noise Our template contains layout guidelines. Their purpose is to indicate key margins and mandatory areas on slides. _Piazza Logistica. Piazza Logistica Copy and paste Copy only full slides when they use the same new design. Otherwise the file size will be very large. Use the function Insert > Insert Content > Unformatted Text to paste a copied text. The text will now use the same existing format. Each presentation needs to be categorized, with the author being responsible for choosing the right category: Unrestricted – Restricted – Confidential – Strictly confidential – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 in the “Header and footer” “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 BME Education_Basic & Advanced X-rays for all pages. new category ©” “Restricted ©” and “the Start > Replace > insert someone internally or This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the Image Quality SIEMENS content stays as intended. Healthineers Noise Our template contains layout guidelines. Their purpose is to indicate Quantum noise : key margins and mandatory Dose: areas on slides. • X-ray photons produced by the x-ray tube are distributed randomly in space Copy and paste Copy only full slides when and time. they use the same new 3000 photons 12000 photons 93000 photons • design. Otherwise the file The quantum noise is proportional to size will be very large. the radical of the number of the Use the function quantum for the signal/noise ratio Insert > Insert Content > (SNR). Unformatted Text to paste a copied text. The text will now use the same existing format. 760000 photons 3,6 Mio. photons 28 Mio. photons Each presentation needs to be categorized, with the author being responsible for choosing the right category: Unrestricted – Restricted – Confidential – Strictly confidential – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 in the “Header and footer” BME Education_Basic & Advanced X-rays for all pages. Start > Replace > insert “Restricted ©” and “the new category ©” This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to someone internally or externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the Image Quality SIEMENS content stays as intended. Healthineers Artefacts Our template contains layout guidelines. Their purpose is to indicate key margins and mandatory Artefacts: areas on slides. • Pixel artefacts • Lines artefacts Copy and paste • Stripes artefacts Copy only full slides when they use the same new • Grid artefacts design. Otherwise the file • Other artefacts (ghost images, contouring, microphony, size will be very large. hum) Use the function Insert > Insert Content > Unformatted Text to paste a copied text. The text will now use the same existing format. Each presentation needs to be categorized, with the author being responsible for choosing the right category: Unrestricted – Restricted – Confidential – Strictly confidential – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 in the “Header and footer” BME Education_Basic & Advanced X-rays for all pages. new category ©” Start > Replace > insert “Restricted ©” and “the someone internally or This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the content stays as intended. Image Quality SIEMENS Healthineers Pixel Artefacts Our template contains layout guidelines. pixel artefacts Their purpose is to indicate key margins and mandatory areas on slides. "It's possible, that the amplifier stages of Copy and paste Copy only full slides when the image pipeline can't find all the they use the same new design. Otherwise the file mistakes of the detectors (flashing size will be very large. lights) and can't correct them. Use the function Insert > Insert Content > Unformatted Text to paste a copied text. The text will now use the same existing format. Each presentation needs to be categorized, with the author being responsible for choosing the right category: pixelerrors of the detectors Unrestricted – Restricted – Confidential – Strictly confidential – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 in the “Header and footer” “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 BME Education_Basic & Advanced X-rays for all pages. “Restricted ©” and “the Start > Replace > insert new category ©” This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to someone internally or externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the Image Quality SIEMENS content stays as intended. Healthineers Lines Artefacts Our template contains layout guidelines. lines artefacts Their purpose is to indicate key margins and mandatory areas on slides. These structures are caused by the pixelorder of the detector scintillator layer. Copy and paste Copy only full slides when they use the same new . These are circular ordered line-structures. design. Otherwise the file size will be very large. Use the function Insert > Insert Content > Unformatted Text to paste a copied text. The text will now use the same existing format. Each presentation needs to be categorized, with the author being responsible for choosing the right category: Unrestricted – Restricted – Confidential – Strictly confidential – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 in the “Header and footer” BME Education_Basic & Advanced X-rays for all pages. new category ©” Start > Replace > insert “Restricted ©” and “the someone internally or This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the content stays as intended. Image Quality SIEMENS Healthineers Stripes Artefacts Our template contains layout guidelines. stripes artefacts Their purpose is to indicate key margins and mandatory areas on slides. 1330/40 boek 10 at 2 408 Copy and paste Copy only full slides when they use the same new design. Otherwise the file size will be very large. Use the function Insert > Insert Content > Unformatted Text to paste a copied text. The text will now use the same existing format. Each presentation needs to be categorized, with the author being responsible for choosing the right category: Unrestricted – Restricted typical thalassa defect (driver unit IC) typical mapix defect (Readout Chip) – Confidential – Strictly confidential – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 in the “Header and footer” “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 for all pages. Start > Replace > insert “Restricted ©” and “the new category ©” someone internally or This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the content stays as intended. Image Quality SIEMENS Healthineers Grid Artefacts Our template contains layout guidelines. grid artefacts Their purpose is to indicate key margins and mandatory areas on slides. position of the structures Copy and paste Copy only full slides when they use the same new " The gridstripes exactly design. Otherwise the file size will be very large. correspond to the position of Use the function the gridfins. Insert > Insert Content > Unformatted Text to paste a copied text. position mistake of the grid The text will now use the same existing format. plate. Each presentation needs to be categorized, with the author being responsible for choosing the right category: Unrestricted – Restricted – Confidential – Strictly confidential – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 in the “Header and footer” “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 BME Education_Basic & Advanced X-rays for all pages. new category ©” “Restricted ©” and “the Start > Replace > insert someone internally or This presentation uses the preinstalled Office font Calibri. If you send it to externally, please convert it into a pdf to ensure that the content stays as intended. Image Quality SIEMENS Healthineers Other Artefacts Our template contains layout guidelines. Their purpose is to indicate key margins and mandatory areas on slides. other artefacts · (ghost images, contouring, microphony, hum) Copy and paste Copy only full slides when they use the same new ghost images design. Otherwise the file size will be very large. " so called „smear effect ", ghost Use the function images (by moving objects) Insert > Insert Content > Unformatted Text to paste a copied text. The text will now use the same existing format. Each presentation needs to be categorized, with the author being responsible for choosing the right category: Unrestricted – Restricted – Confidential – Strictly confidential – The preset default category Edit “Author | Department” for presentations is HOOD05162002873707 “restricted”. Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017 in the “Header and footer” BME Education_Basic & Advanced X-rays for all pages. “Restricted ©” and “the Start > Replace > insert new category ©” SIEMENS Healthineers Thank you ... ...... :::::: .... SIEMENS HOOD05162002873707 Effective date: 08/03/2018 Restricted © Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 2017